ʻO Ruby [1] , ʻo ia hoʻi ka corundum o ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula, he ʻano corundum a ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka alumini oxide (AL 2O 3).ʻO ke kala ʻulaʻula mai ka chromium (CR), ka nui o Cr2O3, ʻo ka ʻike maʻamau he 0.1 ~ 3%, ʻo ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa he 4%.Loaʻa i ka Fe, Ti a me ka uliuli i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Sapphire, non-chromium CR kala o nā kala ʻē aʻe o ka corundum i ʻike pū ʻia ʻo Sapphire.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā rubi kūlohelohe mai Asia (Burma, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Kina Xinjiang, Kina Yunnan, etc.) , ʻApelika (Mozambique, Tanzania), Oceania (Australia), a me ʻAmelika (Montana a me South Carolina) .Hana ʻia nā rubi o kēia lā ma Mozambique.
ʻAʻole paʻakikī loa nā rubies kūlohelohe a no laila he waiwai nui, akā ʻaʻole paʻakikī loa nā rubies synthetic, no laila he synthetic rubies.I ka makahiki 1999, ua loaʻa kahi corundum ʻulaʻula a me polū 67.5-carat ma Changle County, Shandong Province, Kina.Ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Mandarin Duck Gem", he hana mana loa ia ma ka honua.I ka makahiki 2012, ua loaʻa kekahi mau waihona ruby ma ka moena o ka muliwai Karakash o ka muliwai Karakax County ma ka ʻāpana Wada o Xinjiang, ʻo ka nui loa he 32.7 carats.
Inoa | ruby maoli |
Kahi i kumu | Tanazania |
ʻAno pōhaku pōhaku | Kūlohelohe |
kala pōhaku pōhaku | ʻulaʻula |
Mea pōhaku pōhaku | ruby |
ʻAno pōhaku pōhaku | ʻOki ʻoki nani ʻo Baguette |
Nui pōhaku pōhaku | 1.5*3mm |
Kaumaha pōhaku pōhaku | E like me ka nui |
Mea Kiʻekiʻe | 65% |
ʻAno maikaʻi | A+ |
ʻoʻoleʻa | 9 |
Hoʻopaʻapaʻa | 1.762-1.770 |
Loaʻa nā ʻano | Poe/Square/Pear/Oval/Marquise/cabochon shape |
Hōʻike hoʻohālikelike: 1.762 ~ 1.770, birefringence: 0.008 ~ 0.010;
Ka nui: 4.00g/cm3;Nā laina absorption maʻamau;ʻO ka paʻakikī a me ka sapphire ma hope o ke daimana, ʻo ia ka lua o ka paʻakikī 9. No laila, ʻo ke daimana wale nō ke kahakaha ʻia ma kona ʻili.Hiki ke kaha maʻalahi i kahi laina ma ka ʻili o ke aniani me kekahi o kona ʻaoʻao a me kona mau kihi (ʻo ka paʻakikī o ke aniani ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 6).He ʻokoʻa nā māwae.Nui nā māwae i loko o ka ruby maʻamau, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "ʻumi ʻulaʻula a me ʻeiwa mau māwae" o ka ruby.Loaʻa iā ia ka dichroism, a i kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻike ʻia kona hoʻololi kala e ka maka ʻōlohelohe mai nā kihi like ʻole.ʻO ke ʻano kumu mua o ka ruby ma mua o ka hana ʻana he barela a me ka pā.